Illustration · 132 half-cut cells

Solar panelTrina Solar

Trina Solar TSM-590NE19RC

Name: Trina Solar TSM-590NE19RC
Brand: Trina Solar

132 half-cut cells, bifacial, glass (dual-glass module). Power classes 565–620 W in the CEC list.

CEC listed · Feb 3, 2025UL 61730BifacialPVEL Top Performer 2024, 2025

Power class

Power (STC)590 WCEC nameplate
Efficiency≈22.0%calculated from area
%/°C Pmax−0.299CEC listing test
PTC / STC94.7%PTC 559 W (CEC)

Power classes

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · 12 models

Model	Pmax	Voc, V	Isc, A	Vmp, V	Imp, A	Efficiency	PTC	CEC listed
TSM-565NE19RC	565 W	46.30	15.59	38.40	14.72	≈21.1%	535 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-570NE19RC	570 W	46.60	15.61	38.60	14.75	≈21.3%	540 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-575NE19RC	575 W	46.90	15.63	38.90	14.78	≈21.5%	544 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-580NE19RC	580 W	47.20	15.65	39.20	14.79	≈21.6%	549 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-585NE19RC	585 W	47.50	15.68	39.50	14.82	≈21.8%	554 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-590NE19RC	590 W	47.80	15.72	39.70	14.86	≈22.0%	559 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-595NE19RC	595 W	48.10	15.76	40.00	14.89	≈22.2%	564 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-600NE19RC	600 W	48.40	15.80	40.30	14.91	≈22.4%	569 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-605NE19RC	605 W	48.70	15.83	40.50	14.94	≈22.6%	573 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-610NE19RC	610 W	49.00	15.86	40.80	14.96	≈22.8%	578 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-615NE19RC	615 W	49.30	15.89	41.10	14.98	≈22.9%	583 W	Feb 3, 2025
TSM-620NE19RC	620 W	49.60	15.91	41.40	14.99	≈23.1%	588 W	Feb 3, 2025

≈ efficiency = Pmax ÷ CEC-listed area 2.68 m².

Build & dimensions

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026)

Module area2.68 m² (28.8 ft²)CEC-listed area
Cells132 half-cut cells
Back coverGlass (dual-glass module)

Heat & cold behaviour

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation

	CEC listing test
Pmax coefficient γ	−0.299 %/°C
Voc coefficient β	−0.237 %/°C
Isc coefficient α	+0.039 %/°C
Operating cell temperature	NOCT 44 °C

Vmp coefficient ≈ γ − α (CEC); used only for the hot-roof voltage estimate.

Away from lab conditions — CEC listing test points

Class	Pmax at NOCT	Vmp × Imp at NOCT	Pmax at 200 W/m²	Low-light efficiency vs STC
565 W	425.6 W	36.68 V × 11.6 A	109.3 W	97%
570 W	428.6 W	36.88 V × 11.62 A	110.1 W	97%
575 W	432.9 W	37.16 V × 11.65 A	111.1 W	97%
580 W	436.5 W	37.45 V × 11.66 A	112.1 W	97%
585 W	440.7 W	37.74 V × 11.68 A	113.2 W	97%
590 W	444.1 W	37.93 V × 11.71 A	114 W	97%
595 W	448.4 W	38.21 V × 11.73 A	115.1 W	97%
600 W	452.4 W	38.5 V × 11.75 A	116.2 W	97%
605 W	455.5 W	38.69 V × 11.77 A	117 W	97%
610 W	459.5 W	38.98 V × 11.79 A	118 W	97%
615 W	463.5 W	39.26 V × 11.81 A	119 W	97%
620 W	467.2 W	39.55 V × 11.81 A	120 W	97%

Pmax = Vmp × Imp from the CEC listing; low-light efficiency = Pmax at 200 W/m² ÷ (20% of STC Pmax).

Certifications

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026)

UL 61730IEC 61215

UL 61730CEC listing
IEC 61215design qualification on file with CEC · Jul 23, 2024

Independent reliability testing

Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · RETC PV Module Index

2024, 2025

PVEL Top Performer

this series

Tests passed as Top Performer

DH, HSS, LID+LETID, MSS, PID

PVEL Scorecards

Trina Solar named Top Performer, 2014–2026

2023, 2024, 2025, 2026

RETC Overall Highest Achiever

Trina Solar, manufacturer level

PVEL Top Performer tests

Year	Product	Tests
2025	TSM-xxx-NE19RC	DHHSSLID+LETIDMSSPID
2024	TSM-xxxNE19RC	LID+LETID
2024	TSM-xxxNE19R (closely related product name)	LID+LETID

Tested bill of materials

PVEL-tested factoryChina
Cell technology (tested BOM)n-type TOPCon
Module design (tested BOM)bifacial - 3.2 glass//backsheet
Power class range tested580-625W
Hail test ice ball45 mm

Details describe the tested sample, not every module of the series.

RETC PV Module Index — Trina Solar

Year	Recognition
2023	Overall Highest Achiever; High Achievement in Performance (Ptc-to-stc ratio, Module efficiency, LeTID RESISTANCE); High Achievement in Quality (Hail durability test); High Achievement in Reliability (Thermal cycle test, SDML, Pid resistance, Damp heat test)
2024	Overall Highest Achiever
2025	Overall Highest Achiever
2026	Overall Highest Achiever; High achievement in performance; High achievement in reliability; Performance discipline high achiever (Temperature coefficient, Iam, Letid, PAN file); Quality discipline high achiever (BOM verification); Reliability discipline high achiever (Damp heat, Pid, Sdml, Tc)

Inverter compatibility & string sizing

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · NLR PVWatts v8 · inverter datasheets · NLR SAM inverter library · CEC Grid Support Inverter List (Oct 7, 2026)

CityColdest air, °CHottest cell, °CString inverter

50.4 V

Voc when cold

per panel

33.1 V

Vmp when hot

per panel

Max panels / string

max DC 600 V

Min panels / string

MPPT from 60 V

Defaults come from NLR TMY weather (coldest hour, hottest modeled cell). Code calculations (NEC 690.7) use the ASHRAE extreme annual minimum, which is usually colder — enter it above. β is the CEC-measured coefficient; NEC 690.7 calculations use the datasheet value.

String inverters most named in SoCal permits

Inverter	Max DC input	MPPT	Window source	Panels per string
Tesla 1538000-xx-y	600 V	60–480 V	datasheet	2–11
Solis (Ginlong) S6-EH1P10K-H-US	600 V	80–520 V	datasheet	3–11
Solis (Ginlong) Solis-1P7.6K-4G-US	600 V	100–500 V	datasheet	4–11
Qcells Q.VOLT H7.6SX	498 V	234–498 V	CEC test window	8–9

Microinverters (one per panel)

No microinverter in the reference set lists this power class in its recommended module power range.

Voltage check against the microinverter datasheets — confirm the pairing on the manufacturer’s module compatibility list. Rows appear only when the panel’s power is inside the microinverter’s recommended module power range.

SolarEdge and other optimizer-based systems size strings by the optimizer rules — use the manufacturer’s designer. Reference inverters: most named in SoCal permits since Oct 2024.

Expected production in Southern California

NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation

PanelsCity for chartSystem size

City	kWh / kW / yr	kWh / panel / yr	kWh / system / yr	Sun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles	1,676	989	11,866	6.08
Palmdale	1,835	1,083	12,992	6.69
Chula Vista	1,696	1,001	12,008	6.11
Huntington Beach	1,643	969	11,632	5.89
Riverside	1,696	1,001	12,008	6.21
Santa Clarita	1,724	1,017	12,206	6.28

Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.

Compare with similar 590 W panels

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits

Panel	Pmax	Efficiency	γ Pmax (CEC)	Voc, V	Isc, A	PVEL (product / brand)	SoCal permits (series)
Trina Solar TSM-590NE19RC	590 W	≈22%	−0.299	47.8	15.72	product 2024, 2025	—
Phono Solar PS590M8GFH-24/TNH	590 W	≈23%	−0.293	53	13.78	product 2024, 2025	1
Qcells Q.PEAK DUO XL-G11S.3/BFG 590	590 W	≈21.7%	−0.348	53.6	13.74	product 2024, 2025, 2026	1
VSUN (Vietnam Sunergy) VSUN590N-144MH	590 W	≈22.9%	−0.309	52.48	13.93	brand 6× (2021–2026)	1

Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.

About Trina Solar

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · RETC PV Module Index · building permits

ManufacturerTrina Solar
Listed in CEC asTrina Solar, Trina Solar Co.,Ltd
Websitetrinasolar.com
PVEL Top Performer (manufacturer)12 Scorecards (2014–2026)
RETC PV Module Index2023, 2024, 2025, 2026
Current panel series in CEC list56

Other series by SoCal permits

TSM-xxxDE06X.05(II) · 23TSM-xxxNE09RC.05 · 6TSM-xxxDE09C.07 · 6TSM-xxxNEG19RC.20TSM-xxxNEG21C.20TSM-xxxNEG9RH.25

Questions & answers

How efficient is the Trina Solar TSM-590NE19RC?

Calculated from the panel area (2.68 m²): about 22% for the 590 W class. 590 W over 2.68 m² equals about 220 W per square meter.

How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?

PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 989 kWh per year per 590 W panel in Los Angeles and about 1,083 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).

How much power does it lose on a hot roof?

With γ = −0.299 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 15.5% below the STC rating.

How many panels fit on one string?

With the Tesla 1538000-xx-y (max DC 600 V, MPPT from 60 V, datasheet) in Los Angeles the calculator gives 2–11 panels per string (Voc at 2 °C = 50.4 V, Vmp at 74 °C cell = 33.1 V). Final design must follow the inverter manual and NEC 690.7.

Is it bifacial?

Yes. Rear gain depends on mounting height and ground reflectance.

Has this panel been reliability-tested?

TSM-xxx-NE19RC was a PVEL Top Performer in 2025 (DH, HSS, LID+LETID, MSS, PID).

Sources

California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List, Inverter List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
Kiwa PVEL — PV Module Reliability Scorecard, Top Performer lists 2014–2026.
RETC — PV Module Index reports 2023–2026.
NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC module and inverter libraries (version 2026.7.3).
NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
Inverter datasheets — Solis (Ginlong), Tesla (manufacturer documents).
Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).