Illustration · 120 half-cut cells

Solar panelShanghai Aerospace Automobile…

Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical HT60-18X 445

Name: Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical HT60-18X 445
Brand: Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical

120 half-cut cells, bifacial, white backsheet. Power classes 435–460 W in the CEC list.

CEC listed · Aug 11, 2021UL 61730BifacialPVEL Top Performer 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025

Power class

Power (STC)445 WCEC nameplate
Efficiency≈20.6%calculated from area
%/°C Pmax−0.373CEC listing test
PTC / STC92.5%PTC 412 W (CEC)

Power classes

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · 11 models

Model	Pmax	Voc, V	Isc, A	Vmp, V	Imp, A	Efficiency	PTC	CEC listed
HT60-18X-435	435 W	40.88	13.69	34.33	12.68	≈20.1%	402 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-435 {Clr}	435 W	40.88	13.69	34.33	12.68	≈20.1%	401 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-440	440 W	41.03	13.76	34.48	12.77	≈20.4%	407 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-440 {Clr}	440 W	41.03	13.76	34.48	12.77	≈20.4%	406 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-445	445 W	41.18	13.83	34.63	12.86	≈20.6%	412 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-445 {Clr}	445 W	41.18	13.83	34.63	12.86	≈20.6%	410 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-450	450 W	41.33	13.90	34.78	12.95	≈20.8%	417 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-450 {Clr}	450 W	41.33	13.90	34.78	12.95	≈20.8%	415 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-455	455 W	41.48	13.97	34.93	13.04	≈21.0%	421 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-455 {Clr}	455 W	41.48	13.97	34.93	13.04	≈21.0%	420 W	Aug 11, 2021
HT60-18X-460	460 W	41.63	14.04	35.08	13.13	≈21.9%	433 W	Aug 21, 2024

≈ efficiency = Pmax ÷ CEC-listed area 2.16 m².

Build & dimensions

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026)

Module area2.16 m² (23.3 ft²)CEC-listed area
Cells120 half-cut cells
Back coverWhite backsheet

Heat & cold behaviour

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation

	CEC listing test
Pmax coefficient γ	−0.373 %/°C
Voc coefficient β	−0.255 %/°C
Operating cell temperature	NOCT 45.9 °C

Away from lab conditions — CEC listing test points

Class	Pmax at NOCT	Vmp × Imp at NOCT	Pmax at 200 W/m²	Low-light efficiency vs STC
435 W	310.2 W	32 V × 9.69 A	78.5 W	90%
435 W	317.5 W	31.98 V × 9.93 A	80.8 W	93%
440 W	313.7 W	32.14 V × 9.76 A	79.4 W	90%
440 W	321.1 W	32.12 V × 10 A	81.8 W	93%
445 W	317.3 W	32.28 V × 9.83 A	80.3 W	90%
445 W	324.8 W	32.26 V × 10.07 A	82.7 W	93%
450 W	320.9 W	32.42 V × 9.9 A	81.2 W	90%
450 W	328.5 W	32.4 V × 10.14 A	83.6 W	93%
455 W	324.5 W	32.56 V × 9.97 A	82.2 W	90%
455 W	332.2 W	32.54 V × 10.21 A	84.6 W	93%
460 W	336 W	31.89 V × 10.54 A	90.1 W	98%

Pmax = Vmp × Imp from the CEC listing; low-light efficiency = Pmax at 200 W/m² ÷ (20% of STC Pmax).

Independent reliability testing

Kiwa PVEL Scorecard

2022, 2023, 2024, 2025

PVEL Top Performer

this series

Tests passed as Top Performer

DH, HSS, LID+LETID, MSS, PAN, PID, TC

PVEL Scorecards

Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical named Top Performer, 2018–2026

PVEL Top Performer tests

Year	Product	Tests
2022	HT60-18X-xxx	LID+LETIDPANTC
2023	HT60-18X-xxx	LID+LETIDMSSPID
2024	HT60-18X-xxx	DHHSSLID+LETIDPID
2025	HT60-18X-xxx	MSS

Tested bill of materials

PVEL-tested factoryTurkey
Cell technology (tested BOM)p-type PERC
Module design (tested BOM)Bifacial - glass//backsheet
Power class range tested405-450W
Hail test ice ball50 mm

Details describe the tested sample, not every module of the series.

Expected production in Southern California

NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation

PanelsCity for chartSystem size

City	kWh / kW / yr	kWh / panel / yr	kWh / system / yr	Sun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles	1,676	746	11,933	6.08
Palmdale	1,835	817	13,065	6.69
Chula Vista	1,696	755	12,076	6.11
Huntington Beach	1,643	731	11,698	5.89
Riverside	1,696	755	12,076	6.21
Santa Clarita	1,724	767	12,275	6.28

Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.

Compare with similar 445 W panels

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · datasheets · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits

Panel	Pmax	Efficiency	γ Pmax (CEC)	Voc, V	Isc, A	Warranty	PVEL (product / brand)	SoCal permits (series)
Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical HT60-18X 445	445 W	≈20.6%	−0.373	41.18	13.83	—	product 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025	—
Qcells Q.TRON BLK M-G2+ 445	445 W	≈22.8%	−0.276	40.16	13.98	25 / 25 yr	brand 11× (2016–2026)	40
Silfab Solar SIL-440QD	440 W	≈22.6%	−0.294	38.97	14.25	25 / 30 yr	brand 7× (2017–2025)	39
Hyundai Energy Solutions HiN-T445NF(BK)	445 W	≈22.9%	−0.298	39	14.46	25 / 30 yr	brand 5× (2017–2025)	37

Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.

Questions & answers

How efficient is the Shanghai Aerospace Automobile Electromechanical HT60-18X 445?

Calculated from the panel area (2.16 m²): about 20.6% for the 445 W class. 445 W over 2.16 m² equals about 206 W per square meter.

How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?

PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 746 kWh per year per 445 W panel in Los Angeles and about 817 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).

How much power does it lose on a hot roof?

With γ = −0.373 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 19.3% below the STC rating.

Is it bifacial?

Yes. Rear gain depends on mounting height and ground reflectance.

Has this panel been reliability-tested?

HT60-18X-xxx was a PVEL Top Performer in 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 (DH, HSS, LID+LETID, MSS, PAN, PID, TC).

Sources

California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
Qcells — manufacturer datasheet “Q.TRON BLK M-G2+ SERIES 415–440 Wp”.
Silfab Solar — datasheet NTC SIL-420 QD CELL TECHNOLOGY.
Hyundai Energy Solutions — datasheet [US] NF(BK)(HiN) Series (N TOPCon Bifacial) 435~445W.
Kiwa PVEL — PV Module Reliability Scorecard, Top Performer lists 2018–2026.
NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC module library (version 2026.7.3).
NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).