Illustration · 144 cells

Solar panelPhono Solar

Phono Solar PS540M6H-24/TH

Name: Phono Solar PS540M6H-24/TH
Brand: Phono Solar

144 cells. Power classes 535–550 W in the CEC list.

CEC listed · Aug 11, 2022UL 61730

Power class

Power (STC)540 WCEC nameplate
Efficiency≈21.6%calculated from area
%/°C Pmax−0.356CEC listing test
PTC / STC93.5%PTC 505 W (CEC)

Power classes

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · 4 models

Model	Pmax	Voc, V	Isc, A	Vmp, V	Imp, A	Efficiency	PTC	CEC listed
PS535M6H-24/TH	535 W	49.29	13.52	41.25	12.97	≈21.4%	500 W	Aug 11, 2022
PS540M6H-24/TH	540 W	49.39	13.62	41.35	13.06	≈21.6%	505 W	Aug 11, 2022
PS545M6H-24/TH	545 W	49.49	13.72	41.45	13.15	≈21.8%	510 W	Aug 11, 2022
PS550M6H-24/TH	550 W	49.59	13.82	41.55	13.24	≈22.0%	514 W	Aug 11, 2022

≈ efficiency = Pmax ÷ CEC-listed area 2.5 m².

Heat & cold behaviour

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation

	CEC listing test
Pmax coefficient γ	−0.356 %/°C
Voc coefficient β	−0.273 %/°C
Isc coefficient α	+0.054 %/°C
Operating cell temperature	NOCT 44.5 °C

Vmp coefficient ≈ γ − α (CEC); used only for the hot-roof voltage estimate.

Away from lab conditions — CEC listing test points

Class	Pmax at NOCT	Vmp × Imp at NOCT	Pmax at 200 W/m²	Low-light efficiency vs STC
535 W	401.3 W	39.25 V × 10.22 A	103.9 W	97%
540 W	405 W	39.35 V × 10.29 A	104.8 W	97%
545 W	408.8 W	39.44 V × 10.36 A	105.8 W	97%
550 W	412.6 W	39.54 V × 10.43 A	106.8 W	97%

Pmax = Vmp × Imp from the CEC listing; low-light efficiency = Pmax at 200 W/m² ÷ (20% of STC Pmax).

Independent reliability testing

Kiwa PVEL Scorecard

PVEL Scorecards

Phono Solar named Top Performer, 2016–2026

This exact series is not listed in published PVEL Top Performer tables. Results below are for the manufacturer.

Inverter compatibility & string sizing

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · NLR PVWatts v8 · inverter datasheets · NLR SAM inverter library · CEC Grid Support Inverter List (Oct 7, 2026)

CityColdest air, °CHottest cell, °CString inverter

52.5 V

Voc when cold

per panel

33 V

Vmp when hot

per panel

Max panels / string

max DC 600 V

Min panels / string

MPPT from 60 V

Defaults come from NLR TMY weather (coldest hour, hottest modeled cell). Code calculations (NEC 690.7) use the ASHRAE extreme annual minimum, which is usually colder — enter it above. β is the CEC-measured coefficient; NEC 690.7 calculations use the datasheet value.

String inverters most named in SoCal permits

Inverter	Max DC input	MPPT	Window source	Panels per string
Tesla 1538000-xx-y	600 V	60–480 V	datasheet	2–11
Solis (Ginlong) S6-EH1P10K-H-US	600 V	80–520 V	datasheet	3–11
Solis (Ginlong) Solis-1P7.6K-4G-US	600 V	100–500 V	datasheet	4–11
Qcells Q.VOLT H7.6SX	498 V	234–498 V	CEC test window	8–9

Microinverters (one per panel)

Microinverter	Recommended module power	Max DC input	MPPT	Voc cold / Vmp hot	Check	DC/AC
Enphase IQ8X-80-M-US	320–540 W	79.5 V	43–60 V	52.5 / 33 V	✗ Not a match: module voltage below MPPT range	1.42
APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L	265–570 W	60 V	28–45 V	52.5 / 33 V	✓ Within range	0.69

Voltage check against the microinverter datasheets — confirm the pairing on the manufacturer’s module compatibility list. Rows appear only when the panel’s power is inside the microinverter’s recommended module power range.

SolarEdge and other optimizer-based systems size strings by the optimizer rules — use the manufacturer’s designer. Reference inverters: most named in SoCal permits since Oct 2024.

Expected production in Southern California

NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation

PanelsCity for chartSystem size

City	kWh / kW / yr	kWh / panel / yr	kWh / system / yr	Sun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles	1,676	905	11,766	6.08
Palmdale	1,835	991	12,882	6.69
Chula Vista	1,696	916	11,906	6.11
Huntington Beach	1,643	887	11,534	5.89
Riverside	1,696	916	11,906	6.21
Santa Clarita	1,724	931	12,102	6.28

Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.

Compare with similar 540 W panels

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · datasheets · building permits

Panel	Pmax	Efficiency	γ Pmax (CEC)	Voc, V	Isc, A	PVEL (product / brand)	SoCal permits (series)
Phono Solar PS540M6H-24/TH	540 W	≈21.6%	−0.356	49.39	13.62	brand 9×	—
JA Solar JAM72D30-540/MB	540 W	≈21.4%	−0.330	49.6	13.86	product 2023, 2024	3
Canadian Solar CS6W-540MB-AG	540 W	≈21%	−0.324	49.2	13.9	product 2024	1
LONGi LR5-72HBD-540M	540 W	≥21.1%	−0.354	49.5	13.85	product 2026	1

Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.

About Phono Solar

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits

ManufacturerPhono Solar
Listed in CEC asPhono Solar Technology Co., Ltd.
Websitephonosolar.com
PVEL Top Performer (manufacturer)9 Scorecards (2016–2026)
Current panel series in CEC list36

Other series by SoCal permits

PSxxxM6H-18/VHB · 2PSxxxM13GFH-22/WNH · 1PSxxxM8GFH-24/TNH · 1PSxxxM4H-24/TH · 1PSxxxL8GFH-16/QNHPSxxxL8GFH-16/QNHB

Questions & answers

How efficient is the Phono Solar PS540M6H-24/TH?

Calculated from the panel area (2.5 m²): about 21.6% for the 540 W class. 540 W over 2.5 m² equals about 216 W per square meter.

How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?

PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 905 kWh per year per 540 W panel in Los Angeles and about 991 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).

How much power does it lose on a hot roof?

With γ = −0.356 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 18.4% below the STC rating.

How many panels fit on one string?

With the Tesla 1538000-xx-y (max DC 600 V, MPPT from 60 V, datasheet) in Los Angeles the calculator gives 2–11 panels per string (Voc at 2 °C = 52.5 V, Vmp at 74 °C cell = 33 V). Final design must follow the inverter manual and NEC 690.7.

Does it work with APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L microinverters?

Voltage check against the APsystems (Alt Power System) datasheet: Voc when cold 52.5 V vs max input 60 V; Vmp when hot 33 V vs MPPT low 28 V; recommended module power 265–570 W. Confirm on the microinverter maker’s compatibility list.

Has this panel been reliability-tested?

This exact series is not in published PVEL Top Performer tables; Phono Solar was named a Top Performer in 9 Scorecards (2016–2026).

Sources

California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List, Inverter List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
Canadian Solar — datasheet BiHiKu6 BIFACIAL MONO PERC CS6W-520|525|530|535|540|545|550MB-AG.
LONGi — manufacturer datasheet “LR5-72HBD Suitable for distributed projects Advanced module technology delivers superior”.
Kiwa PVEL — PV Module Reliability Scorecard, Top Performer lists 2016–2026.
NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC inverter library (version 2026.7.3).
NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
Inverter datasheets — APsystems (Alt Power System), Enphase, Solis (Ginlong), Tesla (manufacturer documents).
Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).