Illustration · 144 half-cut cells

Solar panelPhono Solar

Phono Solar PS450M4-24/TH

Name: Phono Solar PS450M4-24/TH
Brand: Phono Solar

144 half-cut cells. Power classes 430–455 W in the CEC list; datasheet covers 450–450 W.

CEC listed · Jan 21, 2021UL 6173015-yr product + 25-yr performance warrantyManufactured in China

Power class

Power (STC)450 WCEC nameplate
Efficiency≥20.6%datasheet minimum
%/°C Pmax−0.353CEC listing test
Performance warranty25 yrdatasheet

Power classes

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · Phono Solar datasheet · 6 models

Model	Pmax	Voc, V	Isc, A	Vmp, V	Imp, A	Efficiency	PTC	CEC listed
PS430M4-24/TH	430 W	48.72	11.04	40.61	10.59	≈19.4%	400 W	Jan 21, 2021
PS435M4-24/TH	435 W	48.85	11.13	40.81	10.66	≈19.6%	405 W	Jan 21, 2021
PS440M4-24/TH	440 W	48.98	11.21	41.01	10.73	≈19.8%	410 W	Jan 21, 2021
PS445M4-24/TH	445 W	49.11	11.29	41.21	10.80	≈20.0%	415 W	Jan 21, 2021
PS450M4-24/TH	450 W	49.24	11.38	41.40	10.87	≥20.6%	420 W	Jan 21, 2021
PS455M4-24/TH	455 W	49.37	11.47	41.60	10.94	≈20.5%	424 W	Jan 21, 2021

≈ efficiency = Pmax ÷ CEC-listed area 2.22 m² for classes outside the datasheet.

Build & dimensions

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Phono Solar datasheet

Module area2.22 m² (23.9 ft²)CEC-listed area
Weight55.1 lb (25 kg)
Cells144 half-cut cells
Front glass3.2mm toughened glass
Back coverWhite backsheet
FrameAnodised aluminium alloy
Junction boxIP 68 rated
Cable / connector4mm2 (IEC), 1250mm · Genuine MC4 (1000V) / MC4-EVO 2 (1500V)
Made inManufactured in China

Heat & cold behaviour

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · Phono Solar datasheet

	Datasheet	CEC listing test
Pmax coefficient γ	—	−0.353 %/°C
Voc coefficient β	—	−0.272 %/°C
Isc coefficient α	—	+0.047 %/°C
Vmp coefficient	≈ −0.40 %/°C	—
Operating cell temperature	NMOT 43 ± 2 °C	NOCT 45 °C

Vmp coefficient ≈ γ − α (CEC); used only for the hot-roof voltage estimate.

Away from lab conditions — CEC listing test points

Class	Pmax at NOCT	Vmp × Imp at NOCT	Pmax at 200 W/m²	Low-light efficiency vs STC
430 W	323 W	38.01 V × 8.5 A	83.3 W	97%
435 W	326.8 W	38.19 V × 8.56 A	84.3 W	97%
440 W	330.5 W	38.38 V × 8.61 A	85.3 W	97%
445 W	334.3 W	38.57 V × 8.67 A	86.2 W	97%
450 W	338 W	38.75 V × 8.72 A	87.2 W	97%
455 W	341.8 W	38.93 V × 8.78 A	88.2 W	97%

Pmax = Vmp × Imp from the CEC listing; low-light efficiency = Pmax at 200 W/m² ÷ (20% of STC Pmax).

Electrical & strength ratings

Phono Solar datasheet

Max system voltage1,500 V
Max series fuse20 A
Fire rating (UL 61730)Type 4
Protection classClass II
Module temperature−40 °F to +185 °F−40 °C to +85 °C

Packaging: 255 per container

Certifications

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Phono Solar datasheet

UL 61730UL 1703Fire rating Type 4 (UL 61730)

UL 61730CEC listing
UL 1703datasheet
Fire rating Type 4 (UL 61730)datasheet

Warranty & degradation

Phono Solar datasheet

Product warranty15 years
Performance warranty25 years, linear

Independent reliability testing

Kiwa PVEL Scorecard

PVEL Scorecards

Phono Solar named Top Performer, 2016–2026

This exact series is not listed in published PVEL Top Performer tables. Results below are for the manufacturer.

Inverter compatibility & string sizing

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · NLR PVWatts v8 · inverter datasheets · NLR SAM inverter library · CEC Grid Support Inverter List (Oct 7, 2026)

CityColdest air, °CHottest cell, °CString inverter

52.3 V

Voc when cold

per panel

33.3 V

Vmp when hot

per panel

Max panels / string

max DC 600 V

Min panels / string

MPPT from 60 V

Defaults come from NLR TMY weather (coldest hour, hottest modeled cell). Code calculations (NEC 690.7) use the ASHRAE extreme annual minimum, which is usually colder — enter it above. β is the CEC-measured coefficient; NEC 690.7 calculations use the datasheet value.

String inverters most named in SoCal permits

Inverter	Max DC input	MPPT	Window source	Panels per string
Tesla 1538000-xx-y	600 V	60–480 V	datasheet	2–11
Solis (Ginlong) S6-EH1P10K-H-US	600 V	80–520 V	datasheet	3–11
Solis (Ginlong) Solis-1P7.6K-4G-US	600 V	100–500 V	datasheet	4–11
Qcells Q.VOLT H7.6SX	498 V	234–498 V	CEC test window	8–9

Microinverters (one per panel)

Microinverter	Recommended module power	Max DC input	MPPT	Voc cold / Vmp hot	Check	DC/AC
Enphase IQ8X-80-M-US	320–540 W	79.5 V	43–60 V	52.3 / 33.3 V	✗ Not a match: module voltage below MPPT range	1.18
APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L	265–570 W	60 V	28–45 V	52.3 / 33.3 V	✓ Within range	0.58
Enphase IQ8M-72-2-US	260–460 W	60 V	30–45 V	52.3 / 33.3 V	✓ Within range	1.38
Enphase IQ8A-72-2-US	295–500 W	60 V	32–45 V	52.3 / 33.3 V	✓ Within range	1.29

Voltage check against the microinverter datasheets — confirm the pairing on the manufacturer’s module compatibility list. Rows appear only when the panel’s power is inside the microinverter’s recommended module power range.

SolarEdge and other optimizer-based systems size strings by the optimizer rules — use the manufacturer’s designer. Reference inverters: most named in SoCal permits since Oct 2024.

Expected production in Southern California

NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation

PanelsCity for chartSystem size

City	kWh / kW / yr	kWh / panel / yr	kWh / system / yr	Sun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles	1,676	754	12,067	6.08
Palmdale	1,835	826	13,212	6.69
Chula Vista	1,696	763	12,211	6.11
Huntington Beach	1,643	739	11,830	5.89
Riverside	1,696	763	12,211	6.21
Santa Clarita	1,724	776	12,413	6.28

Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.

Compare with similar 450 W panels

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · datasheets · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits

Panel	Pmax	Efficiency	γ Pmax (CEC)	Voc, V	Isc, A	Warranty	PVEL (product / brand)	SoCal permits (series)
Phono Solar PS450M4-24/TH	450 W	≥20.6%	−0.353	49.24	11.38	15 / 25 yr	brand 9×	—
Qcells Q.TRON BLK M-G2+ 445	445 W	≈22.8%	−0.276	40.16	13.98	25 / 25 yr	brand 11× (2016–2026)	40
Hyundai Energy Solutions HiN-T450NF(BK)	450 W	≈23.2%	−0.298	39.2	14.53	25 / 30 yr	brand 5× (2017–2025)	37
REC Group REC450AA Pure-RX	450 W	≈22.3%	−0.248	65.1	8.81	—	brand 9× (2016–2025)	33

Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.

About Phono Solar

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits

ManufacturerPhono Solar
Listed in CEC asPhono Solar Technology Co., Ltd.
Websitephonosolar.com
PVEL Top Performer (manufacturer)9 Scorecards (2016–2026)
Current panel series in CEC list36

Other series by SoCal permits

PSxxxM6H-18/VHB · 2PSxxxM13GFH-22/WNH · 1PSxxxM8GFH-24/TNH · 1PSxxxM4H-24/TH · 1PSxxxL8GFH-16/QNHPSxxxL8GFH-16/QNHB

Questions & answers

How efficient is the Phono Solar PS450M4-24/TH?

The Phono Solar datasheet guarantees at least 20.6% module efficiency for the 450 W class. 450 W over 2.22 m² equals about 203 W per square meter.

How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?

PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 754 kWh per year per 450 W panel in Los Angeles and about 826 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).

How much power does it lose on a hot roof?

With γ = −0.353 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 18.3% below the STC rating.

How many panels fit on one string?

With the Tesla 1538000-xx-y (max DC 600 V, MPPT from 60 V, datasheet) in Los Angeles the calculator gives 2–11 panels per string (Voc at 2 °C = 52.3 V, Vmp at 74 °C cell = 33.3 V). Final design must follow the inverter manual and NEC 690.7.

Does it work with APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L microinverters?

Voltage check against the APsystems (Alt Power System) datasheet: Voc when cold 52.3 V vs max input 60 V; Vmp when hot 33.3 V vs MPPT low 28 V; recommended module power 265–570 W. Confirm on the microinverter maker’s compatibility list.

What does the warranty cover?

15 years on the product and 25 years linear on performance (manufacturer datasheet).

Has this panel been reliability-tested?

This exact series is not in published PVEL Top Performer tables; Phono Solar was named a Top Performer in 9 Scorecards (2016–2026).

What fire rating does it have?

UL 61730 fire rating Type 4 per datasheet.

Sources

California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List, Inverter List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
Phono Solar — manufacturer datasheet “PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES The Engineers”.
Qcells — manufacturer datasheet “Q.TRON BLK M-G2+ SERIES 415–440 Wp”.
Hyundai Energy Solutions — datasheet [US] NF(BK)(HiN) Series (N TOPCon Bifacial) 435~445W.
Kiwa PVEL — PV Module Reliability Scorecard, Top Performer lists 2016–2026.
NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC inverter library (version 2026.7.3).
NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
Inverter datasheets — APsystems (Alt Power System), Enphase, Solis (Ginlong), Tesla (manufacturer documents).
Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).