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Illustration · 144 half-cut cells
Solar panelJinkoSolar

JinkoSolar JKM525M-72HL4-BDVP

144 half-cut cells, bifacial, glass (dual-glass module). Power classes 500–550 W in the CEC list.

CEC listed · May 3, 2021UL 61730BifacialPVEL Top Performer 2022, 2023, 2024
Power class
  • Power (STC)525 WCEC nameplate
  • Efficiency≈21.0%calculated from area
  • %/°C Pmax−0.348CEC listing test
  • PTC / STC93%PTC 488 W (CEC)

Power classes

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · 11 models
ModelPmaxVoc, VIsc, AVmp, VImp, AEfficiencyPTCCEC listed
JKM500M-72HL4-BDVP500 W49.1213.1340.4212.37≈20.0%464 WMay 3, 2021
JKM505M-72HL4-BDVP505 W49.1813.2340.5012.47≈20.2%469 WMay 3, 2021
JKM510M-72HL4-BDVP510 W49.2413.3340.5812.57≈20.4%474 WMay 3, 2021
JKM515M-72HL4-BDVP515 W49.3013.4340.6512.67≈20.6%478 WMay 3, 2021
JKM520M-72HL4-BDVP520 W49.3613.5340.7312.77≈20.8%483 WMay 3, 2021
JKM525M-72HL4-BDVP525 W49.4213.6340.8012.87≈21.0%488 WMay 3, 2021
JKM530M-72HL4-BDVP530 W49.4813.7340.8712.97≈21.2%493 WMay 3, 2021
JKM535M-72HL4-BDVP535 W49.5413.8340.9413.07≈21.4%498 WMay 3, 2021
JKM540M-72HL4-BDVP540 W49.7313.8941.1313.13≈21.6%502 WMay 3, 2021
JKM545M-72HL4-BDVP545 W49.9213.9541.3213.19≈21.8%507 WMay 3, 2021
JKM550M-72HL4-BDVP550 W50.1114.0141.5113.25≈22.0%512 WMay 3, 2021
≈ efficiency = Pmax ÷ CEC-listed area 2.5 m².

Build & dimensions

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026)

Heat & cold behaviour

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation
CEC listing test
Pmax coefficient γ−0.348 %/°C
Voc coefficient β−0.269 %/°C
Isc coefficient α+0.044 %/°C
Operating cell temperatureNOCT 46.3 °C
Vmp coefficient ≈ γ − α (CEC); used only for the hot-roof voltage estimate.

Away from lab conditions — CEC listing test points

ClassPmax at NOCTVmp × Imp at NOCTPmax at 200 W/m²Low-light efficiency vs STC
500 W368.7 W37.88 V × 9.73 A95.7 W96%
505 W372.4 W37.95 V × 9.81 A96.7 W96%
510 W376.1 W38.03 V × 9.89 A97.6 W96%
515 W379.7 W38.1 V × 9.97 A98.6 W96%
520 W383.5 W38.17 V × 10.05 A99.6 W96%
525 W387.2 W38.24 V × 10.13 A100.5 W96%
530 W390.8 W38.3 V × 10.2 A101.5 W96%
535 W394.5 W38.37 V × 10.28 A102.4 W96%
540 W398.2 W38.55 V × 10.33 A103.4 W96%
545 W401.8 W38.72 V × 10.38 A104.3 W96%
550 W405.5 W38.9 V × 10.42 A105.3 W96%
Pmax = Vmp × Imp from the CEC listing; low-light efficiency = Pmax at 200 W/m² ÷ (20% of STC Pmax).

Certifications

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Clean Energy Council (Australia)
UL 61730IEC 61215:2021 / IEC 61730:2023

Independent reliability testing

Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · RETC PV Module Index
2022, 2023, 2024
PVEL Top Performer
this series
5
Tests passed as Top Performer
DH, LID+LETID, MSS, PID, TC
12
PVEL Scorecards
JinkoSolar named Top Performer, 2014–2026
2023, 2025, 2026
RETC Overall Highest Achiever
JinkoSolar, manufacturer level

PVEL Top Performer tests

YearProductTests
2022JKMxxxM-72HL4-BDVPDHLID+LETIDMSSPIDTC
2023JKMxxxM-72HL4-BDVPDHMSSPID
2024JKMxxxM-72HL4-BDVPDHMSS

Tested bill of materials

Details describe the tested sample, not every module of the series.

RETC PV Module Index — JinkoSolar

YearRecognition
2023Overall Highest Achiever; High Achievement in Performance (LeTID RESISTANCE); High Achievement in Quality (Hail durability test); High Achievement in Reliability (Pid resistance, SDML, Thermal cycle test)
2024High Achievement in Performance
2025Overall Highest Achiever
2026Overall Highest Achiever; High achievement in performance; High achievement in reliability; Performance discipline high achiever (Temperature coefficient, PAN file, Iam); Quality discipline high achiever (BOM verification); Reliability discipline high achiever (Damp heat, Tc, Sdml, Pid)

Inverter compatibility & string sizing

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · NLR PVWatts v8 · inverter datasheets · NLR SAM inverter library · CEC Grid Support Inverter List (Oct 7, 2026)
52.5 V
Voc when cold
per panel
33 V
Vmp when hot
per panel
11
Max panels / string
max DC 600 V
2
Min panels / string
MPPT from 60 V
Defaults come from NLR TMY weather (coldest hour, hottest modeled cell). Code calculations (NEC 690.7) use the ASHRAE extreme annual minimum, which is usually colder — enter it above. β is the CEC-measured coefficient; NEC 690.7 calculations use the datasheet value.

String inverters most named in SoCal permits

InverterMax DC inputMPPTWindow sourcePanels per string
Tesla 1538000-xx-y600 V60–480 Vdatasheet2–11
Solis (Ginlong) S6-EH1P10K-H-US600 V80–520 Vdatasheet3–11
Solis (Ginlong) Solis-1P7.6K-4G-US600 V100–500 Vdatasheet4–11
Qcells Q.VOLT H7.6SX498 V234–498 VCEC test window8–9

Microinverters (one per panel)

MicroinverterRecommended module powerMax DC inputMPPTVoc cold / Vmp hotCheckDC/AC
Enphase IQ8X-80-M-US320–540 W79.5 V43–60 V52.5 / 33 V✗ Not a match: module voltage below MPPT range1.38
APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L265–570 W60 V28–45 V52.5 / 33 V✓ Within range0.67
Voltage check against the microinverter datasheets — confirm the pairing on the manufacturer’s module compatibility list. Rows appear only when the panel’s power is inside the microinverter’s recommended module power range.
SolarEdge and other optimizer-based systems size strings by the optimizer rules — use the manufacturer’s designer. Reference inverters: most named in SoCal permits since Oct 2024.

Expected production in Southern California

NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation
CitykWh / kW / yrkWh / panel / yrkWh / system / yrSun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles1,67688011,4396.08
Palmdale1,83596312,5246.69
Chula Vista1,69689011,5756.11
Huntington Beach1,64386311,2135.89
Riverside1,69689011,5756.21
Santa Clarita1,72490511,7666.28
747Jan747Feb959Mar1,059Apr1,046May1,112Jun1,171Jul1,185Aug1,036Sep914Oct786Nov680DeckWh per month · Los Angeles
Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.

Compare with similar 525 W panels

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · datasheets · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits
PanelPmaxEfficiencyγ Pmax (CEC)Voc, VIsc, APVEL (product / brand)SoCal permits (series)
JinkoSolar JKM525M-72HL4-BDVP525 W≈21%−0.34849.4213.63product 2022, 2023, 2024—
SEG Solar SEG-525-BTD-BG525 W≈26.9%−0.29041.116.2product 2023, 2024, 2025, 20268
JA Solar JAM72D30-530/MB530 W≈21%−0.33049.313.72product 2023, 20243
Canadian Solar CS6W-525MB-AG525 W≈20.4%−0.32448.613.75product 20241
Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.

About JinkoSolar

CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · RETC PV Module Index · building permits

Other series by SoCal permits

JKMxxxM-60HBL · 45JKMxxxN-54HL4-B · 10JKMxxxM-72HL-V · 6JKMxxxM-6RL3-B · 3JKMxxxM-72HL-TV · 3JKMxxxN-54HL4R-B · 1

Questions & answers

How efficient is the JinkoSolar JKM525M-72HL4-BDVP?

Calculated from the panel area (2.5 m²): about 21% for the 525 W class. 525 W over 2.5 m² equals about 210 W per square meter.

How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?

PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 880 kWh per year per 525 W panel in Los Angeles and about 963 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).

How much power does it lose on a hot roof?

With γ = −0.348 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 18% below the STC rating.

How many panels fit on one string?

With the Tesla 1538000-xx-y (max DC 600 V, MPPT from 60 V, datasheet) in Los Angeles the calculator gives 2–11 panels per string (Voc at 2 °C = 52.5 V, Vmp at 74 °C cell = 33 V). Final design must follow the inverter manual and NEC 690.7.

Does it work with APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L microinverters?

Voltage check against the APsystems (Alt Power System) datasheet: Voc when cold 52.5 V vs max input 60 V; Vmp when hot 33 V vs MPPT low 28 V; recommended module power 265–570 W. Confirm on the microinverter maker’s compatibility list.

Is it bifacial?

Yes. Rear gain depends on mounting height and ground reflectance.

Has this panel been reliability-tested?

JKMxxxM-72HL4-BDVP was a PVEL Top Performer in 2022, 2023, 2024 (DH, LID+LETID, MSS, PID, TC).

Sources

  1. California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List, Inverter List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
  2. SEG Solar — manufacturer datasheet “XXXTFHTPMBSDPN YUKON/Series )BMG$FMM/5ZQF501$PO”.
  3. Canadian Solar — datasheet BiHiKu6 BIFACIAL MONO PERC CS6W-520|525|530|535|540|545|550MB-AG.
  4. Kiwa PVEL — PV Module Reliability Scorecard, Top Performer lists 2014–2026.
  5. RETC — PV Module Index reports 2023–2026.
  6. NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC inverter library (version 2026.7.3).
  7. Clean Energy Council (Australia) — Approved PV modules list (as of Oct 8, 2026).
  8. NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
  9. Inverter datasheets — APsystems (Alt Power System), Enphase, Solis (Ginlong), Tesla (manufacturer documents).
  10. Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
  11. Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).