Details describe the tested sample, not every module of the series.
Inverter compatibility & string sizing
CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Cali-Graf calculation · NLR PVWatts v8 · inverter datasheets · NLR SAM inverter library · CEC Grid Support Inverter List (Oct 7, 2026)
39.5 V
Voc when cold
per panel
26.5 V
Vmp when hot
per panel
15
Max panels / string
max DC 600 V
3
Min panels / string
MPPT from 60 V
Defaults come from NLR TMY weather (coldest hour, hottest modeled cell). Code calculations (NEC 690.7) use the ASHRAE extreme annual minimum, which is usually colder — enter it above. β is the CEC-measured coefficient; NEC 690.7 calculations use the datasheet value.
String inverters most named in SoCal permits
Inverter
Max DC input
MPPT
Window source
Panels per string
Tesla 1538000-xx-y
600 V
60–480 V
datasheet
3–15
Solis (Ginlong) S6-EH1P10K-H-US
600 V
80–520 V
datasheet
4–15
Solis (Ginlong) Solis-1P7.6K-4G-US
600 V
100–500 V
datasheet
4–15
Qcells Q.VOLT H7.6SX
498 V
234–498 V
CEC test window
9–12
Microinverters (one per panel)
Microinverter
Recommended module power
Max DC input
MPPT
Voc cold / Vmp hot
Check
DC/AC
Enphase IQ8PLUS-72-2-US
235–440 W
60 V
29–45 V
39.5 / 26.5 V
⚠ Works; below MPPT at peak heat
1.4
Enphase IQ8X-80-M-US
320–540 W
79.5 V
43–60 V
39.5 / 26.5 V
✗ Not a match: module voltage below MPPT range
1.07
APsystems (Alt Power System) DS3-L
265–570 W
60 V
28–45 V
39.5 / 26.5 V
⚠ Works; below MPPT at peak heat
0.52
Enphase IQ8M-72-2-US
260–460 W
60 V
30–45 V
39.5 / 26.5 V
⚠ Works; below MPPT at peak heat
1.25
Enphase IQ8A-72-2-US
295–500 W
60 V
32–45 V
39.5 / 26.5 V
✗ Not a match: module voltage below MPPT range
1.16
Voltage check against the microinverter datasheets — confirm the pairing on the manufacturer’s module compatibility list. Rows appear only when the panel’s power is inside the microinverter’s recommended module power range.
SolarEdge and other optimizer-based systems size strings by the optimizer rules — use the manufacturer’s designer. Reference inverters: most named in SoCal permits since Oct 2024.
Expected production in Southern California
NLR PVWatts v8 · Cali-Graf calculation
City
kWh / kW / yr
kWh / panel / yr
kWh / system / yr
Sun, kWh/m²/day
Los Angeles
1,676
679
11,539
6.08
Palmdale
1,835
743
12,634
6.69
Chula Vista
1,696
687
11,677
6.11
Huntington Beach
1,643
665
11,312
5.89
Riverside
1,696
687
11,677
6.21
Santa Clarita
1,724
698
11,870
6.28
Estimate for comparison, not a quote: shading, roof orientation and local losses change real output. Roof mount, 20° tilt, south, 14% system losses.
Compare with similar 405 W panels
CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Qcells datasheet · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits
Panel
Pmax
Efficiency
γ Pmax (CEC)
Voc, V
Isc, A
PVEL (product / brand)
SoCal permits (series)
Hyundai Energy Solutions HiS-S405OF(BK)
405 W
≈20.8%
−0.313
37.4
13.41
product 2025
—
Qcells Q.PEAK DUO BLK ML-G10+ 405
405 W
≥20.6%
−0.362
45.34
11.17
product 2022, 2023
221
JA Solar JAM54S31-405/MR
405 W
≈21.3%
−0.329
37.23
13.87
product 2023, 2024
152
REC Group REC405AA Pure
405 W
≈22.6%
−0.256
48.9
10.3
brand 9× (2016–2025)
66
Same fields from the same sources for every row; ≈ efficiency is calculated from the listed area. Comparable series: other brands, same product group, power range covering this class.
About Hyundai Energy Solutions
CEC PV Module List (Oct 7, 2026) · Kiwa PVEL Scorecard · building permits
ManufacturerHyundai Energy Solutions
Listed in CEC asHD HYUNDAI ENERGY SOLUTIONS CO., LTD., HYUNDAI ENERGY SOLUTIONS CO., LTD.
How efficient is the Hyundai Energy Solutions HiS-S405OF(BK)?
Calculated from the panel area (1.95 m²): about 20.8% for the 405 W class. 405 W over 1.95 m² equals about 208 W per square meter.
How much energy does one panel produce in Los Angeles or Palmdale?
PVWatts v8 with typical-year weather gives about 679 kWh per year per 405 W panel in Los Angeles and about 743 kWh in Palmdale (20° roof, facing south, 14% system losses).
How much power does it lose on a hot roof?
With γ = −0.313 %/°C, at a 77 °C cell temperature (hottest modeled hour in Palmdale) output is about 16.2% below the STC rating.
How many panels fit on one string?
With the Tesla 1538000-xx-y (max DC 600 V, MPPT from 60 V, datasheet) in Los Angeles the calculator gives 3–15 panels per string (Voc at 2 °C = 39.5 V, Vmp at 74 °C cell = 26.5 V). Final design must follow the inverter manual and NEC 690.7.
Has this panel been reliability-tested?
HiS-SxxxOF(BK) was a PVEL Top Performer in 2025 (HSS, MSS).
Sources
California Energy Commission — Solar Equipment Lists, PV Module List, Inverter List (snapshot Oct 7, 2026).
Qcells — manufacturer datasheet “Q.PEAK DUO BLK ML-G10+ ENDURING HIGH PERFORMANCE”.
NLR (formerly NREL) — System Advisor Model CEC inverter library (version 2026.7.3).
NLR (formerly NREL) — PVWatts v8, NSRDB PSM v3 typical-year weather for Los Angeles, Palmdale, Chula Vista, Huntington Beach, Riverside, Santa Clarita.
Inverter datasheets — APsystems (Alt Power System), Enphase, Solis (Ginlong), Tesla (manufacturer documents).
Building permits — Southern California permit portals. Equipment matched from permit descriptions.
Cali-Graf calculations — formulas and inputs are shown next to each calculated value (efficiency from area, temperature-corrected voltages, string sizing, energy estimates).
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